Strateji | 2.0.12 | by WISJOY ENTERTAINMENT HK | 79.00M

Strateji | 2.0.0 | by GamePark | 87.0 MB

Strateji | 1.7.2 | by iade | 45.00M

Strateji | 1.8.0 | 84.68M

Strateji | 1.7.1 | by SayGames Ltd | 134.7 MB

Strateji | v1.3.128 | by ELECTRONIC ARTS | 19.36M

Strateji | 1.2.220.112 | by Level Infinite | 833.10M

Strateji | 1.8.3 | by Homa | 83.3 MB

Strateji | 4.8.2 | by Nublo Games | 64.00M

Strateji | 3.3.6 | by HONGKONG HERONOW LIMITED | 402.7 MB